Introduction to the structure of electrical connectors

Introduce you to the connector
Introduction to the structure of electrical connectors
In addition to meeting the general performance requirements, the electrical connector must meet the requirements of good contact, reliable operation, and convenient maintenance. The reliability of its operation directly affects the normal operation of the aircraft circuit and involves the safety of the entire main engine.
For this reason, the host circuit has very strict requirements on the quality and reliability of the electrical connector. It is precisely because of the high quality and high reliability of the electrical connector that it is also widely used in military systems such as aviation, aerospace, and national defense. The commonly used classification methods of electrical connectors include shape, structure, use, etc.
structure:
The electrical connector consists of a fixed end electrical connector, namely a female contact piece (referred to as a socket), and a free end electrical connector, that is, a male contact piece (referred to as a plug). The socket is fixed on the electrical component through its square (round) plate (individually, welding is also used), the plug is generally connected to the cable, and the plug and socket are connected through the connecting nut.
The electrical connector is composed of three basic units: shell, insulator and contact body.
case:
The electrical connector shell refers to the shell, connecting nut and tail accessories of the plug and socket. The function of the shell is to protect the internal parts of the electrical connector such as the insulator and the contact body (general name for the pin jack) from being damaged. The positioning keyway above ensures the positioning of the plug and socket. The connecting nut is used for connecting and disconnecting the socket. The tail attachment is used to protect the wire and contact body terminations from damage and to fix the cable. The shell also has a certain electromagnetic shielding effect.
The shell is generally made of aluminum alloy (machining, cold extrusion, die casting). Steel shells are mostly used for glass sealing and high temperature electrical connectors.
Insulator:
It consists of pin insulators and socket insulators. Interface sealing body, sealing body and other components. It is used to keep the pin socket at the set position, and to electrically insulate each contact body and between each contact body and the casing. The sealing measures are obtained by the insulating body and the interface sealing body sealing body, so as to improve the environmental resistance performance of the electrical connector.
In order to adapt to the high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance and flame retardant of the product, the geometric dimensions of the parts are guaranteed to be stable and reliable. Insulators are mostly molded from thermoset plastics. The interface sealing body and the wire sealing body are formed by silicone rubber molding, etc.
Contact body:
The contact body includes a male contact piece and a female contact piece, sometimes called a pin jack, and the connection methods are divided into welding type, crimping type, pressing type and wrapping type, etc., to realize circuit connection.
The pin jack is a key component of the electrical connector, which directly affects the reliability of the electrical connector. Most of the pin jacks are made of elastic copper alloy materials with good electrical conductivity, and the surface is silver-plated and gold-plated to achieve the purpose of low contact resistance and anti-corrosion. The jacks generally include slotted jacks, wire spring jacks, crown spring jacks and punched jacks.
Structural features are: environmental resistance, bayonet type (quick) connection, multi-key position (error-proof insertion), contact body and wire crimp connection, (single pick and delivery is easy to troubleshoot). Shell plus shielding ring to ensure 360 ​​° electromagnetic interference shielding ability